Gallstones
Understanding
Gallstone disease or health disorder is cholelithiasis where there are stones in the
gallbladder or bile duct. In some cases, the stones could have been contained
in both of these organs. This Rock is the result of the bile fluid solidified
into hard particles resembles pieces of
stone – like pebbles.
Bile itself is the only line that works to remove excess
cholesterol from the body – both as free cholesterol and bile salts. While the gallbladder is a sac that serves to store bile
before it is released into the intestine. Location of gallbladder under the organ of the heart.
If gallstones go into
the bile duct, then the blockage and infection can occur in the bile duct (cholangitis).
Blockage of the bile duct that is happening it will make bacteria grow and
develop. As a result, there is an
infection in the channel. The bacteria can also be spread through the bloodstream and cause infections in other parts
of the body.
Gallstones can be divided into three kinds, namely
cholesterol gallstone, gallstone, gallstone and the pigment mixture. As the
name suggests, cholesterol gallstones formed from cholesterol. Gallstones are
usually yellow or green.
Furthermore, the
pigment gallstone/bilirubin, formed from calcium bilirubin that too much in the bile. Gallstones are usually
dark-colored one, such as black or brown. The last is mixed gallstone which is
a mix between cholesterol and bilirubin.
Diagnosis
In the diagnose gallstones, doctors will collect information
and accurate physical examination against the patient. More than half of
gallstone sufferers usually don't feel any symptoms. Complaints that may arise
is the bloating that sometimes bad taste on the body when eating fatty foods.
In addition to gathering information, physicians will also
recommend you to undergo the examination of supporting. The ancillary inspection that can be done includes ULTRASOUND or Ultrasound Examination. This is a standard
examination which is to strengthen the diagnosis of gallstones. ULTRASOUND
examination has a very high degree of accuracy, i.e. reaching 95%.
In addition to the other examination, ULTRASOUND can also be
done is the CT Scan. Examination with a CT Scan done if the stone were in the bile duct. In addition, there is also an examination of MRI
(Magnetic Resonance Imaging). This inspection is required when there are complications
of jaundice.
Symptoms
Gallstones, in General, does not give rise to a complaint in
people with – as long as the stones did not enter into the bile duct. But if
the stones fit into the ends of the bile duct, you can just feel the existence
of specific complaints.
If too small, there is a possibility the stone easily passes
through the bile duct into the duodenum. These Gallstones may not cause
symptoms until tens of years.
Symptoms are a quite
conspicuous disturbance of gallstones is pain tends to be very good and settled
in the bile duct. The pain arises if the bile ducts become blocked by stones.
It could also trigger the onset of stomach pains which extends to the back or
shoulder. Nausea and vomiting often associated with this pain attacks.
Other symptoms may also appear are fever, the pain of the whole surface of the stomach, the
stomach feels wrapped around, and the stomach feels bloated. Great pain could
have lasted more than 15 minutes and just disappeared a few hours later.
The onset of pain is often taking place slowly. However, 30%
of cases, pain arises unexpectedly. Pain due to common bile duct stones usually
settle down and gets worse during the draw a breath in.
Treatment
Gallstone treatment should be tailored to the development of
rock and its effects on you. Because basically, gallstones member the impact and
influence that different between each person.
There are some steps in
the treatment of gallstones:
The Initial Stage
As mentioned earlier, gallstones do not always cause
symptoms. If the gallstones do not cause any symptoms, the doctor usually will
not do specific medical acts. However, the doctor will make sure first that
there is no possibility of complications that will occur. But if it finds the
existence of possible complications or other diseases that increase the risk of
complications, then further treatment is required.
Advanced Stage
At this point, needs to be seen the severity of the case. If
symptoms of pain that you feel is still
classified as mild and rarely appear, the consumption of drugs is enough. Usually, the drug required is kenis drugs pain reliever. In addition, you
should also change your eating patterns to make it more healthy.
However, if the pain arises – especially in the abdominal
area – feels very good, then there needed further medical action. Especially if
pain arises quite often. The possibility of the existence of the necessary
operative actions.
Operative Actions
The medical action is
necessary only if the symptoms you are feeling very heavy and severe. The worst
possible is Your gallbladder should be removed. There are several operative
actions that can be done to deal with the problem of gallstones.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
This is an operative action most often recommended because
it produces a very minimal incision. This
action is also known as the keyhole
operation because the size of the incision is very small – much like a keyhole. The recovery time you need to take place during the 1-2 week.
Open Cholecystectomy
This action is necessary if the size of gallstones is large
enough to not be issued through keyhole
surgery. Or it could be done if your condition does not allow to undergo
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. The cause can be diverse – such as the layout of
the gallbladder that hard to reach or in the case of obesity
sufferers. The recovery period is long enough, that is 1-1.5 months.
ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography)
To deal with the problems of the bile duct obstruction due
to gallstones can also be done via ERCP procedure. This procedure is carried
out without lifting a gallbladder.
ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy) this is the
procedure of solving cubes by using sound waves. A few years ago, the use of
the procedures of ESWL is very popular. However, this procedure is limited to
patients who have truly considered to undergo this therapy
The cause of the
Has been previously explained that there are three types of
gallstones. Each is formed and have different content. Cholesterol gallstones contain at least 70% of cholesterol and the
rest are calcium carbonate, calcium, and calcium palmitate bilirubin. The
shape is more varied compared to stone forms the pigment.
Gallstones are almost always formed in the gallbladder. Its surface is slippery,
spherical, spiny, and sometimes there are
similar like Mulberry fruits. Cholesterol gallstones occur due to the
concentration of cholesterol in the bile fluid. It is happening as a result of cholesterol in the blood is very high.
High cholesterol in the gallbladder can trigger the
deposition which gradually turned to stone. Another cause is a fluid discharge
of bile in the gallbladder that is less
than perfect. The rest of the bile fluid in the bag after the pumping process
can also lead to the deposition of bile.
In contrast to the pigment gallstones. The appearance of
calcium bilirubin stones, also known as
mud or stone masonry pigment, not much variety.
Frequently found irregular-shaped, small-sized, with variations in color
between Brown, reddish, until black, and sometimes amounted to much.
Its shape is like mud or soil that is fragile. Pigment
stones occur because bilirubin is difficultly
soluble in water. In addition, it is also
due to the deposition of bilirubin or
calcium salts due to infectious diseases.
The subsequent mixture of gallstones.
This is the type of gallstones are most plentiful – even reaching 80%.
Gallstones this one formed from cholesterol, bile pigments, and various salts
of calcium. Multiple and usually a little calcium "
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